These marine areas can come in many forms ranging from wildlife refuges to research facilities. That is why the international maritime organization declared the great barrier reef and torres strait particularly sensitive sea areas. This resolution sets forth guidelines for designating special zones and identifying particularly sensitive sea areas pssas. Freedom of seas, passage rights and the 1982 law of the sea convention. Their possible application to the protection of underwater. The designation of particularly sensitive sea areas. Their possible application to the protection of underwater cultural heritage, 20 marine poly 343, 349 1996.
Question use to do my job use regularly or sometimes use rarely never want more info united nations convention on the law of the sea unclos 1982 40% 60% 8% 3%. Particularly sensitive sea areas 4 the mepc began its study of the issue of pa rticularly sensitive sea areas pssas in response to resolution 9 of the 1978 international conference on tanker safety and pollution prevention concerning the protection of such sea areas. Pdf particularly seasensitive areas and marine protection zones. Particularly sensitive sea areas pssas suggestions for improvement continued ship recycling sites ballast water exchange area special area under marpol annexes i, iv and v. A pssa is an area that needs special protection through action by imo because of its significance for recognized ecological or socioeconomic or. Particularly sensitive sea areas are now available within admiralty services, as specified in iho s57.
Research pdf available july 2016 with 235 reads how we measure reads. Such marine resources are protected by local, state, territorial, native, regional. Designations of large particularly sensitive sea areas pssas triggered a. Imo guidelines about australias particularly sensitive sea areasthe great barrier reef, torres strait and coral sea. Postsunset authorization in am broadcasting, an american radio permission to broadcast in am after sunset. Marine environment protection and biodiversity conservation.
This report presents the distribution of these most valuable and. Particularly sensitive sea areas pssas are sea areas which need special protection on environmental grounds. A ship recycling yard in bangladesh, november 2016. Read particularly sensitive sea areasan important environmental concept at a turningpoint, the international journal of marine and coastal law on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. In this sense, ecotourism along the coral reefs of the egyptian red sea represents a challenge to sustainability. Mpas restrict human activity for a conservation purpose, typically to protect natural or cultural resources. Compilation of all guidance documents and pssas designated by imo since 1990 a particularly sensitive sea area pssa is an area of the marine environment that needs special protection through action by the international maritime organization imo because of its significance for recognized ecological, socioeconomic, or. The first pssa was the great barrier reef, created in 1990. This means extra care needs to be taken to safeguard the reef from the potential. In honor of veds contributions to international environmental law and human rights, we have examined the establishment of designated areas in the ocean that restrict global shipping, and especially particularly sensitive sea areas pssas, recognized by the international maritime organization imo. The particular focus of the volume is on the role and function of judicial, quasijudicial and administrative institutions in the prevention and settlement of disputes in both of these areas.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Colourcoding and numbering is used to illustrate the 14 particularly sensitive sea areas, including the recently added areas of saba bank and strait of bonifacio. Such traffic carries the risk of groundings, collisions. March 2008 shiretoko natural world heritage site, japan report of the reactive monitoring mission. The particularly sensitive sea area designation establishes four special zones known as areas to be avoided atbas on international nautical charts to direct ships away from coral reefs, shipwrecks and other ecologically or culturally sensitive areas that may pose a navigation hazard 73 federal register 233 3 december 2008, pp. Particularly sensitive sea areas and the law of the sea in. This volume covers a variety of topics in the fields of the law of the sea and the protection of the environment. Imo guidelines for the identification and designation of particularly sensitive sea areas imo guidelines. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Particularly sensitive sea areas australian maritime. Important information for avcs users version issued 6 july 2017. Results of the survey on capacity development in marine.
This document is submitted in support of the united states proposal. The particularly sensitive sea area concept springerlink. The marpol convention defines certain sea areas as special areas in which, for technical reasons relating to their oceanographical and ecological condition and to their seatraffic, the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of sea pollution is required. A particularly sensitive sea area pssa is defined as an ecologically, economically and scientifically significant area which could be negatively affected by international shipping and which. Shipping is a key user of the oceans, delivering more than 80 per cent of world trade, taking ferry passengers to their destinations and carrying millions of tourists on cruises. Particularly sensitive sea areas pssa interactive website on pssas an interactive display on particularly sensitive sea areas pssa has been set up at imo headquarters and online at pssa. Agustin blancobazan, the imo guidelines on particularly sensitive sea areas.
Special areas and emission control areas ecas under marpol. The extremely high primary production of the barents sea supports a rich biological diversity including some of the world. This document sets forth a proposal to designate major parts of the wadden sea area as a particularly. It has marked the emergence of a new cooperation between maritime. Imo ereader e545e particularly sensitive sea areas pssa. In this respect coastal states, through imo, can take some measures which may result in restrictions on the traditional freedom of passage. Jakobsen, marine protected areas in international law. Gaps and challenges panel 1 on sensitive marine areas 2425 april 2017, singapore youna lyons, centre for international law, nus. The 10 nautical mile wide reporting area surrounding the papahanaumokuakea marine national monument serves to remind vessels of the existence of this important particularly sensitive sea area before they enter and allows sufficient time to comfortably alter their course to comply with the international maritime organization imoadopted.
The bbnj negotiations and ecosystem governance in the. Australian maritime safety authority, canberra act australia may 2017 amsa 149 517 page 2 of 3 a seefact sheet transferring ownership of an australian ship particularly sensitive sea areas the apms are limited to actions that are to be, or have. A pssa could be viewed as a category of marine protected area but is by no means a standalone means of protecting an area from shipping. The barents sea contains one of europes last large, clean and relatively undisturbed marine ecosystems. A pssa is an area that has been provided special protection through action by the imo because of its significance for recognized ecological. Particularly sensitive sea areas pssas are areas that need special protection through action by the international maritime organisation imo because of their significance for recognized ecological, socioeconomic or scientific reasons where such attributes may be vulnerable to damage by international maritime activities. Particularly sensitive sea areasan important environmental concept at a turningpoint published on 01 jan 1994 by brill nijhoff. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
A particularly sensitive sea area pssa is an area that needs special protection through action by imo because of its significance for recognized ecological or socioeconomic or scientific reasons and which may be vulnerable to damage by international maritime activities. Overview of particularly sensitive sea areas safety4sea. Gjerde, protecting particularly sensitive sea areas from shipping. Having considered the proposal from belgium, france, ireland, portugal, spain and the united kingdom to designate the western european waters as a particularly sensitive sea area, having agreed that criteria for identification of a particularly sensitive sea area provided in resolution a. The international maritime organization imo has just celebrated the fifteenth anniversary of assembly resolution 72017, adopted on november 6, 1991 during the assemblys twentieth session. Imo guidelines for the identification and designation of particularly sensitive sea areasimo guidelines.
Seas include eagle nest sites, swan and waterbird breeding, roosting and feeding areas as well as seal haulouts. The role of the international maritime organization in. Particularly sensitive sea areas beyond national jurisdiction. Having agreed that criteria for identification of a particularly sensitive sea area provided in resolution a. List of areas under marpol and particularly sensitive sea. Particularly sensitive sea areas and the law of the sea. Pssa particularly sensitive sea areas sas special areas sacs special areas of conservation sea socioeconomic assessment slr sea level rise spas special protection areas ts territorial sea ucsb university of california, santa barbara uk united kingdom. Notes depicting their required protective measures are also provided as defined by. German federal agency for nature conservation, 2001, pp.
Identification and protection of special areas and particularly sensitive sea areas designation of the papahanaumokuakea marine national monument as a particularly sensitive sea area submitted by the united states summary executive summary. Sensitive sea areas map american nautical services. Designations of large particularly sensitive sea areas pssas triggered a controversial debate within the international maritime organisation imo concerning the legal basis of pssas, the relationship between the imos pssa guidelines and unclos, as well as the competency of imo to adopt mandatory protective measures in these areas. Marine protected areas mpa are protected areas of seas, oceans, estuaries or in the us, the great lakes. The criteria for the identification of particularly sensitive sea areas and the criteria for the designation of special. Pdf particularly sensitive sea areas beyond national. A sensitive environmental area sea may be designated where loud or excessive noise is likely to interfere with a natural value such as wildlife. Refer to appendix 1 for further guidelines for flying in the vicinity of eagle nests. Txt file should be checked for new information each time your ecdis is updated. Imo ereader e545e particularly sensitive sea areas pssa, 2017 edition. Particularly sensitive sea area how is particularly. Particularly sensitive sea areas pssa biodiversity az.
A tour of the legal and scientific criteria cil high seas governance. Imo, revised guidelines for the identification and designation of particularly sensitive sea areas pssas, resolution a. Areas containing natural resources that are most valuable and sensitive to negative effects of oil and gasoperations must be set aside as petroleumfree zones to protect their biodiversity and productivity for the future. Read particularly sensitive sea areasan overview of relevant imo documents, the international journal of marine and coastal law on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Explore with the international maritime organisation imo the obtaining of the particularly sensitive sea areas. Particularly sensitive sea area, protected areas of seas, oceans or large lakes. Particularly sensitive sea areas australian maritime safety authority. The great barrier reef, torres strait and coral sea have been identified as particularly sensitive sea areas pssa. Identification and protection of special areas and particularly sensitive sea areas designation of the wadden sea as a particularly sensitive sea area submitted by denmark, germany and the netherlands version 21. Particularly sensitive sea areas and the law of the sea cdr james kraska, jagc, usn1 abstract the international community has developed several concepts that provide special status and enhanced regulation for environmental protection throughout large areas of. Sensitive sea area how is sensitive sea area abbreviated. March 2008 shiretoko natural world heritage site, japan. A particularly sensitive sea area pssa is an area that needs special protection through action by imo because of its significance for recognized ecological or. Using a comprehensive planning tool to protect habitats from shipping roughly 80% of international trade is carried by ship. Imo documents for particularly sensitive sea areas amsa.
A particularly sensitive sea area pssa is given special protection because of its vulnerability to damage from international shipping. Koslow eds managing risks to biodiversity and the environment on the high sea, including tools such as marine protected areas scientific requirements and legal aspects, bfnskripten 43 bonn. Neither the guidelines nor the designation is binding. Not only are coral reefs sensitive to environmental changes and anthropogenic pressure, they are also a.
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